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(No. Model.)`

J. SCHWEIZER. l GAS MOTORENGINE.

' Patented Feb. 5, m84,

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engine through a valved aperture.

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Miri-3 *rares afrnnrr 'ri-icm eAs-MoToR ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming'part of Letters Patent No. 292,864, dated February5,1884.

Application filed March 2, 1888. (No model.) Patented in France January16, 1353, No. 153,134..

To all whom it may concern: Y

Be it known that I, .Taxon SCHWEIZER, a citizen of the Republic ofSwitzerland, and a resident of Soleure, Switzerland, have inventedcertain Improvements in Gas Motors or Engines, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to an engine the piston of which is actuated bycompressed aerifo'rm gases produced by intermittent explosionsof adetonating mixture of gas and atmospheric air, the gases beingcompressed in the cylinder or closed vessel where the explosion takesplace, and by their elastic tension expanding directly into the cylinderof the The engine is single acting,7 so-called, and the valves whichcontrolthe admission of gas to the vessel wherein the explosion takesplace and the escape of air from the engine-cylinder onits return-strokeare both actuated from the engine-shaft.

My object is to avoid the difficulty always encounteied in gas-enginesof getting rid ofthe products of comb istion, or burned gases,77so-called. I do this by separating my enginecylinder from theexplosion-chamber by an automatic check-valve which opens into theenginecylinder. I explode my charge of mixed gases in the upper part ofthe explosion-chamber, the lower part of which is filled with theheavier products of combustion. This compresses the latter andforcesthem downward through thenvalve-aperture into `the engine-cylinder,where they act upon the piston in the same manner as compressed air. Thepiston expels them at the next stroke.

'Thus each explosion expels into the enginecylinder the burned gasesleft from the last preceding explosion. I interpose no piston betweenthe supernatant explosive ch arge and the i heavier body of burned gasesto be compressed.

In the drawings which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is aside elevation of my motor, the water-jacket being partly broken away.`Fig. 2is a plan. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 3 3 in Fig. 2.

Let A represent a suitable bed-plate, and B a suitable frame mountedthereon, to support the engine. l C is the engine-cylinder, surroundedby a water-jacket, D, to prevent undue heating.

head b with a crank in the main shaft F, on f which is mounted theily-wheel Gr.

So far the parts described are similar to those of an ordinarysingle-acting engine.

Mounted on the top oi' the engine-cylinder C, so as to form a cover orhead for the same, is a base-plate, d, which forms also the bottom of aclosed cylinder, H, in which the detonating mixture is exploded, and inwhich the products of combustion are compressed. This may be a closedvessel of any kind strong enough to stand the strain.

On the side of cylinder H is mounted atubular piece, I, through whichthe gas passes into the cylinder. Interiorly, the conduit or passage ein this piece communicates with a pipe, f, which turns upward incylinder H, and is perforated at its upper end to permit the gas toescape into and diffuse itself in the upper part of II. The gas isadmitted to the chamber II through a gas-pipe, g.

In the tubular piece I is a slide-valve, J, which has a cross-port thatmay, bythe movement of said valve end wise, be put into or out ofregister' with the passage e, and thus control the admission of gas tocylinder H; and

, erly timed and regulated.

In the upper part of the cylinder II is an aperture, L, for theadmission of air, which aperture is closed by a clack-valve,`l, whichopens inward. Opposite thisaperture is a gas-jet, m, which issuppliedwith gas from the conduit e by a suitable pipe, `as shown, andnear this jetris another jet, a, supplied from the same source. This isa relighting- IOO jet, and its purpose will be explained more-`particularly hereinafter. The passage of 'gas through the conduit emay be regulated by a 2 f garage-1 cock, o, and that to the burners orjets by cocksp, as shown in Fig. 2.

I will now describe the operation. Suppose the valve J to be open toadmit gas to the cylinder H, the piston E to be standing at the upperend of the cylinder C, and the valveK to be closed. The gas enters andmixes with" the air in the upper part of cylinder H to an extentsufficient to form an explosive compound. The jets m and 'n are lighted.The operator turns the iiy-wheel G'far enough to close the valve J Vandcut off the gas-conduit. The piston descends slightly and exhausts aportion of the air from cylinder H through a valved aperture in d, whichis closed by a valve, q, which opens downward and is normally upheld bya spring. The rarefaction of the air in H causes the outer air to rushinto said cylinder at k, sucking in with it the flame from the jet m.This causes an explosion of the gaseous mixture in the upper part of H,which simultaneously closes valve Z and expands through thevalve-aperture between I-I and C. This effect is produced by thecompression of the gases in H due to the explosion, and the elastictension of these gases acts upon the piston'E, which thus receives asufficient impetus to carry the crank in the main shaft over its center.l/Vhen the piston has reached the bottom of its outstroke, as in Fig. 3,the valve K opens port h and permits the compressed gases to escape, sothat the piston may rise again. Thus, having once given the fly-wheel animpetus by hand, the explosions will take place thereafter in rapidsuccession-one for each revolution of the main shaft--and the pistonwill receive a series of successive impulses, which will be sufficientto produce the required rotary motion of the shaft F.

It will be, observed that theppiston first acts to exhaust, a portion ofthe gases from the cylinder H, whereby the iiame of the jet is sucked ordrawn in and the gases ignited, and is then acted upon itself by theelastic tension of the gases compressed by the explosion. The suddenclosing of the valve Z by the explosion is apt to extinguish the jet on.Therefore I supply the relighting-jet a, which is so arranged as torelight jet m, but to be unaffected by the shock of the valve when itcloses.

I do not wish to limit myself to the precise construction andarrangement of the parts herein shown, as these may be departed from tosome extent without detriment-as, for example, the valves J and K neednot be actuated from the same valve-rod. It is only necessary that somegood form of valve be em` ployed, and that they be actuated at theproper time. The cylinder H and plate d might also be in one. The jets mn might also be supplied with gas from some other point or source fromthat shown.

I have before stated that my object is to get rid of the burned gases.To accomplish this, the rationale of my method is as follows: Thechamber H, which is cut off from the engine-cylinder, stands nearly fullof the heavier products of combustion. A charge of an explosive mixtureof lighter gases is introduced at the upper part of H, where they restor float. on the heavier products of combustion below. The rst part ofthe pistons descent slightly rarefies the gases in chamber H, andcausesair to flow in at k, drawing in the flame ofjet m. This ignites thecharge,which explodes and forces the gases in the lower part of'H, downinto the -engine-cylinder, where they act on the piston. The piston, onits upstroke, expels the gases above it through h. Equilibrium has beenre-established in H, and the same series of operations is repeated.

It is designed that the air necessary to form the explosive mixtureshall enter at lc, as the valve Z stands normally slightly ajar; but Imight admit an explosive mixture of inflammable gas and air through f,as is commonly practiced in gas-motor engines. v

I am aware that it has been proposed to compress atmospheric air bymeans of apiston acted upon by the explosion of a charge of detonatinggases. This,- however, differs materially from my method, as I employ nopiston between the explosive charge and the gases to be compressed, andI compress the burned gases left from the explosion of the lastpreceding charge. These gases pass into the engine-cylinder, and areexhausted therefrom without admixture with the next explosive charge.

l Having thus described my invention, I claiml. In a gas-motor engine,the combination, with the vertically-arranged cylinder of the engine andthe piston of the same, of a chamber, H, arranged on the top of theenginecylinder, means for admitting a charge of a mixture of explosivegases tothe upper part of said chamber, a valve, Z, arranged to openinto the upper part of said chamber to permit air to enter the latter,an automatic valve, q, in the partition separating the chamber H fromthe engine-cylinder, and arranged to open into said cylinder, a jet, m,arranged opposite to the valve Z, and adapted to be drawn into chamberHby the rarefaction of the gases in the latter, and means, substantiallyas shown, for admitting the explosive charge to the chamber H, whereby,when the charge explodes in the upper part of the chamber, the heavierproducts of combustion in the lower part of same will be compressed andforced into the engine-cylinder, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, in a gas motor or engine, of the engine-cylinder,piston-rod, piston, cross-head,connecting-rod, crankedshaft, andfly-wheel, with the vessel H, provided with the valved air-inlet 7c, thevalved aperture between it and the engine-cylinder, and the pipe f, thevalve J, arranged to control the ingress of gas, the valve K, arrangedto IOO IIO

control the exhaust-port of the engine-cylinder, means, substantially asdescribed, for aotuating said valves J and K, and the jet m, for

igniting the gaseous mixture in the vessel H, all arranged to operatesubstantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of agas-1notor engine,of a closed chainber to receive an explosive mixture of air andinflammable gas at its upper part, provided with an aperture or passagein its. lower part leading into the engine-cylinder above the'piston, aCheck-valve opening downward into the engine-cylinder to control saidpassage, an

aperture at the upper part of said explosionchaniber, and a check-valveto control said

